Spiritual Foundations of Islamic Educational Leadership: Revisiting Al-Ghazali, Ibn Taymiyyah, and Syed Naquib al-Attas
Main Article Content
Abstract
This article explores the concept of religiosity in Islamic educational leadership through a comparative analysis of the thought of three prominent scholars: Al-Ghazali, Ibn Taymiyyah, and Syed Muhammad Naquib al-Attas. Employing a library research approach and content analysis method, the study examines how each thinker formulates the relationship between divine values, knowledge, and leadership responsibility within the context of education. The findings reveal a shared emphasis on the necessity of a spiritual foundation in leadership, yet each adopts a different approach: Al-Ghazali foregrounds the spiritual-ethical dimension through tazkiyat al-nafs (purification of the soul); Ibn Taymiyyah underscores a legalistic approach and the principle of amar ma’ruf nahi munkar (enjoining good and forbidding evil); while al-Attas highlights the cosmological and adabic dimension within the framework of the Islamisation of knowledge. The study proposes a conceptual typology of religiosity-based leadership through three distinctive models that have rarely been integrated in previous Islamic leadership literature. These findings have implications for the development of an integrative, contextual, and transformative paradigm of Islamic educational leadership, particularly relevant in addressing the contemporary global crisis of values in education
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
References
Alfulana, M. W., Rapsjani, M. F. A., & Fauzi, A. (2021). Kepemimpinan Membentuk Karakter Dalam Pendidikan. Jurnal Pendidikan Indonesia, 2(8), 1387–1394. https://doi.org/10.36418/japendi.v2i8.253
Alhashmi, M., & Moussa‐Inaty, J. (2020). Professional Learning for Islamic Education Teachers in the UAE. British Journal of Religious Education, 43(3), 278–287. https://doi.org/10.1080/01416200.2020.1853046
Alhassen, L. O. (2021). Qur’ānic Stories: God, Revelation and the Audience. University of California, Berkeley, Department of Near Eastern Studies, Berkeley, United States: Edinburgh University Press. Retrieved from https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85197399109&partnerID=40&md5=7fc9abfc381ac32672f6288eb0732e42
Ali, S., Septuri, S., & ŞAHAL, M. (2023). Applying Moral Education Concept According to K.H. Hashim Asy’ari to Changes in Student Behavior. Interdisciplinary Social Studies, 2(6), 2025–2034. https://doi.org/10.55324/iss.v2i6.429
Andriansyah, A., & Permadi, A. S. (2022). Analisis Konsep Pendidikan Islam Parenting Dalam Surah Luqman Ayat 12-19 Menurut Tafsir Ibnu Katsir. Pedagogik Jurnal Pendidikan, 17(1), 64–76. https://doi.org/10.33084/pedagogik.v17i1.3354
Ashari, F. (2023). Educational Thought According to Al-Ghazali and Ibnu Miskawaih. Elm, 1(2), 99–111. https://doi.org/10.61166/elm.v1i2.37
Busyro, B., Ananda, A. H., & Adlan, T. S. (2019). Moderasi Islam (Wasathiyyah) Di Tengah Pluralisme Agama Indonesia. Jurnal Fuaduna Jurnal Kajian Keagamaan Dan Kemasyarakatan, 3(1), 1. https://doi.org/10.30983/fuaduna.v3i1.1152
Ghozali, M. I., & Zamroni, Z. (2022). Al-Ghazali Dan Pendidikan Akhlak. Sustainable Jurnal Kajian Mutu Pendidikan, 5(2), 277–284. https://doi.org/10.32923/kjmp.v5i2.2255
Gunawan, G., & Lestari, A. (2021). Al-Ghazali’s Thoughts on Education and Its Relevance to Islamic Education in the Millennial Era. Ajis Academic Journal of Islamic Studies, 6(1), 103–116. https://doi.org/10.29240/ajis.v6i1.2091
Hanifa, H., & Maksum, M. N. R. (2022). Relevansi Konsep Fitrah Dan Implikasinya Terhadap Pendidikan Islam. Iseedu Journal of Islamic Educational Thoughts and Practices, 6(2), 182–195. https://doi.org/10.23917/iseedu.v6i2.22120
Huda, S., Sarifudin, M., Munifah, M., Humaidi, A., Idris, S., & Mawardi, M. (2022). The Concept of Character Learning: A Comparative Study of Al-Ghazali and Thomas Lickona’s Perspectives. Dayah Journal of Islamic Education, 5(1), 35. https://doi.org/10.22373/jie.v5i1.11974
Jamilin, A. K., Kasmani, M. F., Hashim, N., Ghazali, N. M., Muhamad, N. A. F., & Jaafar, N. (2017). Prophetic approaches in communication: A pilot analysis of hadith prophet muhammad. Advanced Science Letters, 23(5), 4872–4876. https://doi.org/10.1166/asl.2017.8934
Junaidi, J., Fitriyani, I., & Dhaifi, I. (2023). Implementation of PAI Values in Scouting to Build Spiritual Intelligence. Review of Islamic Studies, 2(1), 11–13. https://doi.org/10.35316/ris.v2i1.474
Kamila, T. N., & Wantini, W. (2023). Konsep Manusia Sebagai Ulul Albab Perspektif Al-Qur’ãn Dan Implementasi Nya Dalam Pendidikan Islam. Action Research Literate, 7(11), 173–177. https://doi.org/10.46799/arl.v7i11.187
Katimin, K., Adenan, A., & Anzaikhan, M. (2024). Ibnu Taimiyah and Qurais Shihab’s Views on the Law of Electing Non-Muslim Leaders: A Comparative Study. Jurisprudensi Jurnal Ilmu Syariah Perundang-Undangan Ekonomi Islam, 16(1), 141–156. https://doi.org/10.32505/jurisprudensi.v16i1.8196
Khaidir, M., & Qorib, M. (2023). Metode Pendidikan Akhlak Menurut Ibnu Taimiyah Dalam Kitab Tazkiyatun Nafs. Ijtimaiyah, 7(1). https://doi.org/10.30821/ijtimaiyah.v7i1.18942
Maghfiroh, A., & Nursikin, M. (2024). Kontemplasi Pemikiran Wasathiyyah Dalam Pendidikan Islam. Afeksi Jurnal Penelitian Dan Evaluasi Pendidikan, 5(1), 43–51. https://doi.org/10.35672/afeksi.v5i1.213
Mansir, F. (2022). Problems of Islamic Religious Education in the Digital Era. At Ta Dib, 17(2), 284. https://doi.org/10.21111/at-tadib.v17i2.8405
Marfuah, S., Sutardi, A., Sutriani, A., & Fitriani, E. (2024). Pendidikan Islam Menurut Ibnu Taimiyah. Jpe, 4(2), 10–21. https://doi.org/10.55656/jpe.v4i2.193
mauludah, A. z., Ma’sum, T., & Iswanto, J. (2023). Konsep Kepemimpinan Pendidikan Islam Perspektif Muhammad Quraish Shihab Dalam Tafsir Al-Mishbah. Jiip - Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Pendidikan, 6(11), 9495–9501. https://doi.org/10.54371/jiip.v6i11.2594
Murdani, H., & Fauzi, A. (2024). Developing Noble Morals in Children Through Al-Ghazali’s Concept of Moral Education. Bestari | Jurnal Studi Pendidikan Islam, 21(1), 31. https://doi.org/10.36667/bestari.v21i1.1550
Mustakim, M., Salim, A., Rouzi, K. S., Rusiyono, R., & Nurmaida, D. K. (2021). The Syuro-Participative Leadership in Al-Qur’an-Based Pesantren in the Disruption Era. Ta Dib, 24(2), 195. https://doi.org/10.31958/jt.v24i2.3069
Najib, M. N. (2023). Konsep Bahagia Dalam Kitab Kimiyaus Al-Sa’adah Karya Syekh Al-Ghazali Dan Implikasinya Terhadap Pendidikan Islam. Jiip - Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Pendidikan, 6(9), 7330–7335. https://doi.org/10.54371/jiip.v6i9.2950
Ningsih, T., Kurniawan, H., & Nurbaiti, A. (2024). Moral and Intellectual Integration in Islamic College. International Journal of Social Science and Human Research, 7(07). https://doi.org/10.47191/ijsshr/v7-i07-99
Noer, H. M. A., Tambak, S., & Rahman, H. A. (2017). Upaya Ekstrakurikuler Kerohanian Islam (ROHIS) Dalam Meningkatkan Sikap Keberagamaan Siswa Di SMK Ibnu Taimiyah Pekanbaru. Jurnal Pendidikan Agama Islam Al-Thariqah, 2(1), 21–38. https://doi.org/10.25299/althariqah.2017.vol2(1).645
Pransiska, T. (2017). Konsepsi Fitrah Manusia Dalam Perspektif Islam Dan Implikasinya Dalam Pendidikan Islam Kontemporer. Jurnal Ilmiah Didaktika Media Ilmiah Pendidikan Dan Pengajaran, 17(1), 1. https://doi.org/10.22373/jid.v17i1.1586
Pratomo, H. W. (2022). Educational Leadership: Islamic Religious, Philosophy, Psychology, and Sociology Perspectives. International Journal of Social Science and Human Research, 05(05). https://doi.org/10.47191/ijsshr/v5-i5-26
Putra, A. A. (2017). Konsep Pendidikan Agama Islam Perspektif Imam Al-Ghazali. Jurnal Pendidikan Agama Islam Al-Thariqah, 1(1), 41–54. https://doi.org/10.25299/althariqah.2016.vol1(1).617
Razali, N. H., & Mamat, A. (2024). Al-Zarnuji’s Educational Concept and Its Relevance to the Teaching Islamic Education in Malaysia. Iium Journal of Educational Studies, 12(2), 135–144. https://doi.org/10.31436/ijes.v12i2.550
Sa’bani, I. F., Setiawarni, U., Fatimah, S., & Sari, H. P. (2024). Pendidikan Untuk Kemandirian: Analisis Pemikiran Al-Ghazali Dalam Membangun Karakter Siswa. Reflection, 1(4), 113–129. https://doi.org/10.61132/reflection.v1i4.175
Sa’diah, M. (2019). Menggagas Model Implementasi Kompetensi Leadership Guru Pai Dalam Mengembangkan Budaya Religius Sekolah. Tawazun Jurnal Pendidikan Islam, 12(2). https://doi.org/10.32832/tawazun.v12i2.2682
Sasmita, R. (2022). Character Education Metod From the Lens of Al-Ghazali on Generation Z. Edusoshum Journal of Islamic Education and Social Humanities, 2(3), 121–130. https://doi.org/10.52366/edusoshum.v2i3.47
Sheikh, S. I., & Ali, M. (2019). Al-Ghazali’s Aims and Objectives of Islamic Education. Journal of Education and Educational Development, 6(1), 111–125. https://doi.org/10.22555/joeed.v6i1.2033
Sirait, I. (2023). Character Education in Islamic Education. J. Pend. A. Isl. Ind, 4(1), 5–8. https://doi.org/10.37251/jpaii.v4i1.643
Sulhan, S. (2022). Pendidikan Akhlak Persfektif Ibnu Taimiyah: Analisis Kitab Tazkiyatun Nafs. Tawazun Jurnal Pendidikan Islam, 15(3), 379. https://doi.org/10.32832/tawazun.v15i3.8588
Tabroni, I., & Romdhon, A. M. (2022). The Influence Of Islamic Religious Education On The Student’s Conduct. Jurnal Multidisiplin Madani, 2(2), 787–794. https://doi.org/10.54259/mudima.v2i2.439
Wahyuni, U., Pettalongi, S. S., Malla, H. A. B., & Nurdin, N. (2023). Competence of Islamic Religious Education Teachers in the Era of Globalization: Multi Case Studies at State Senior High School in Palu City, IndonesiaCompetence of Islamic Religious Education Teachers in the Era of Globalization: Multi Case Studies at State Senior High School in Palu City, Indonesia. International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Analysis, 06(12). https://doi.org/10.47191/ijmra/v6-i12-56
Zailani, Z., & Amalia, I. (2022). Contribution of Sheikh Abdul Wahab Rokan to the Internalization of Moral Education in Besilam, Langkat Regency. Edukasi Islami Jurnal Pendidikan Islam, 11(03), 597. https://doi.org/10.30868/ei.v11i03.2472
Zakiah, S., & Nursikin, M. (2024). Konsep Pendidikan Nilai Dalam Filsafat Pendidikan Islam: Perspektif K.H. Hasyim Asy’ari Dan Buya Hamka. Afeksi Jurnal Penelitian Dan Evaluasi Pendidikan, 5(3), 347–361. https://doi.org/10.59698/afeksi.v5i3.260