Strengthening Students’ Moral Intelligence in the Digital Era: The Effects of Value Education and Religious Habituation in Islamic Elementary Schools
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.64540/jqnmzy52Keywords:
Values Education, Religious Habituation, Moral Intelligence, Islamic Elementary School, Character Education, IndonesiaAbstract
Moral challenges among school-age children have intensified in the digital era, making moral intelligence a crucial educational outcome. This study investigates the effects of values education and religious habituation on students’ moral intelligence at MI Al Qur’anul Hakim, Probolinggo, Indonesia. A quantitative approach with a causal explanatory survey design was employed. Data were collected from 70 students selected through purposive sampling from a population of 286. The instruments were closed-ended Likert-scale questionnaires measuring values education, religious habituation, and moral intelligence. Item validity was examined using item–total correlation, while internal consistency was assessed using Cronbach’s Alpha, showing strong reliability across all scales (α > 0.90). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and multiple linear regression with prerequisite tests. The findings reveal that values education has a positive and significant effect on students’ moral intelligence (β = 0.559, p < 0.001) and emerges as the strongest predictor. Religious habituation also contributes positively and significantly (β = 0.258, p = 0.043). Simultaneously, both predictors significantly influence moral intelligence (F = 52.0, p < 0.001), explaining 60.8% of the variance (R² = 0.608). These results highlight that strengthening students’ moral intelligence requires systematic integration of values education within classroom instruction and school culture, supported by meaningful religious habituation that emphasizes internalization rather than procedural routines. The study contributes empirical evidence to the growing literature on moral development in Islamic elementary education and offers practical implications for school-based character education strategies.
References
Amin, A., Kurniawan, D. A., Perdana, R., Pratama, W. A., & Triani, E. (2022). The Relationship between Religious Attitudes and Perseverance in Learning in Islamic Religious Education Lessons in Junior High Schools. Jurnal Pendidikan Agama Islam, 19(1), 93–110. https://doi.org/10.14421/jpai.2022.191-08
Banuna, Y. N., Ahmad, M., Cuga, C., & Ngiu, Z. (2024). Penguatan Pendidikan Karakter Melalui Implementasi Program Juri Di SDN Kecamatan Kota Gorontalo. Jambura Journal Civic Education, 4(1). https://doi.org/10.37905/jacedu.v4i1.25470
Budi Ismanto, Yusuf, Y., & Asep Suherman. (2022). Membangun Kesadaran Moral Dan Etika Dalam Berinteraksi Di Era Digital Pada Remaja Karang Taruna Rw 07 Rempoa, Ciputat Timur. Jurnal Abdi Masyarakat Multidisiplin, 1(1), 43–48. https://doi.org/10.56127/jammu.v1i1.253
Engin, D. (2025). Üniversite Hastanesi Yataklı Tedavi Servislerinin Verimliliğinin Değerlendirilmesi. Hitit Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 18(3), 898–918. https://doi.org/10.17218/hititsbd.1634319
Fathurahman, R. R., Hakim, A. R., & Masyithoh, S. (2025). Kajian Teoretis Dinamika Ruhani Dalam Meningkatkan Kecerdasan Moral Dan Spiritualitas Siswa Sd/Mi. Ijis, 1(2), 501–509. https://doi.org/10.62567/ijis.v1i2.840
Hafid, M., & Rhomadania, A. D. (2024). Pola Pendidikan Karakter Di SMP Ibrahimy 2 Sukorejo. Eduinovasi Journal of Basic Educational Studies, 4(2). https://doi.org/10.47467/edu.v4i2.2639
Huda, S., Ahid, N., Tortop, H. S., Lestari, F., Eko, A., Counsulting, G. B., … Author, C. (2022). The Role of Islamic Education as the First Step Moral Education in Era Society 5.0: Implications for Indonesian and Turkish Education Systems. 7(1), 77–86.
Husniyah, N. I., & Salim, N. H. N. (2023). Konsep Ideal Pendidikan Islam Prespektif Imam Al Ghozali. Studia Religia Jurnal Pemikiran Dan Pendidikan Islam, 7(2), 296–305. https://doi.org/10.30651/sr.v7i2.20588
Lestari, D. A. P., Permata, S. D., & Mashuri, A. (2023). Membangun Karakter Religius Siswa Sekolah Dasar Melalui Pembiasaan Tadarus Al-Qur’An. Primary Jurnal Keilmuan Dan Kependidikan Dasar, 15(1), 67–82. https://doi.org/10.32678/primary.v15i1.8394
Lestari, D. P., Sofah, R., & Putri, R. M. (2019). TINGKAT KECERDASAN EMOSI PESERTA DIDIK KELAS XI DI SMA NEGERI 15 PALEMBANG. Jurnal Konseling Komprehensif: Kajian Teori Dan Praktik Bimbingan Dan Konseling, 6(1), 11–20. https://doi.org/10.36706/jkk.v6i1.8498
Lestari, D. S., Baharudin, B., Budiman, H., Romlah, L. S., Pahrudin, A., & Kesuma, G. C. (2024). Peran Islamic Boarding School (Ibs) Dalam Pembentukan Karakter: Tinjauan Bibliometrik 2019-2023. Learning Jurnal Inovasi Penelitian Pendidikan Dan Pembelajaran, 4(4), 1148–1162. https://doi.org/10.51878/learning.v4i4.3622
Lestari, I., & Handayani, N. (2023). PENTINGNYA PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER PADA ANAK SEKOLAH KHUSUSNYA SMA/SMK DI ZAMAN SERBA DIGITAL. Guru Pencerah Semesta, 1(2), 101–109. https://doi.org/10.56983/gps.v1i2.606
Lestari, S. (2023). Implementasi Nilai Beriman dan Bertakwa kepada Tuhan Yang Maha Esa dalam Pembelajaran di Sekolah Menengah Pertama. De Cive : Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan Pancasila Dan Kewarganegaraan, 3(2), 64–68. https://doi.org/10.56393/decive.v3i2.1848
Novita, D., Sar’an, M., Ahmad Ridwansah, A., & Ardiansyah, H. (2025). Family Conflict Disclosure on Social Media in Islamic Law: Islah as a Reconciliation Mechanism. Al-Istinbath: Jurnal Hukum Islam, 10(1), 443–458. https://doi.org/10.29240/jhi.v10i1.12658
Perdana, D. R., Muhisom, & Khairani, F. (2025). Pengaruh Pendekatan Religius Dalam Pelajaran Pendidikan Pancasila Terhadap Aspek Afektif Peserta Didik Sekolah Dasar. Arus Jurnal Sosial Dan Humaniora, 5(2), 1306–1312. https://doi.org/10.57250/ajsh.v5i2.1231
Pratama, A. (2022). Formation of Discipline Character of Students Through Hizbul Wathan (Hw) Extracurricular in MAM Talu Kecamatan Talamau Kabupaten Pasaman Barat. Ruhama Islamic Education Journal, 5(1), 51–62. https://doi.org/10.31869/ruhama.v5i1.3322
Purwaningsih, C., & Syamsudin, A. (2022). Pengaruh Perhatian Orang Tua, Budaya Sekolah, Dan Teman Sebaya Terhadap Karakter Religius Anak. Jurnal Obsesi Jurnal Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini, 6(4), 2439–2452. https://doi.org/10.31004/obsesi.v6i4.2051
Putri, D. A. H. W., Sobarna, A., & Nurhakim, H. Q. (2025). Manajemen Program Pembiasaan Bai’at Sebagai Upaya Pengembangan Keberagamaan Santri Di Ma Persis 84 Ciganitri. Bandung Conference Series Islamic Education, 5(1), 265–272. https://doi.org/10.29313/bcsied.v5i1.18336
Putri, R., Johar, R., & Munzir, S. (2022). TEACHERS’ PERCEPTION ABOUT ISLAMIC VALUES INTEGRATION INTO MATHEMATICS LEARNING THROUGH COMICS. Jurnal Ilmiah Peuradeun, 10(1), 105–116. https://doi.org/10.26811/peuradeun.v10i1.606
Ridwan, W., Basri, H., & Suhartini, A. (2023). Penguatan Karakter Siswa Pada Sekolah Berbasis Pesantren. Jiip - Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Pendidikan, 6(1), 623–629. https://doi.org/10.54371/jiip.v6i1.1473
Salahuddin, P. Z. (2011). Character education in a Muslim school: A case study of a comprehensive Muslim school’s curricula. https://doi.org/10.25148/etd.FI11080803
Syahrin, M. (2024). Penggunaan Media Aplikasi Notion Dalam Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Peserta Didik Pada Mata Pelajaran PAI dan Budi Pekerti Kelas XI Pada SMK Negeri 1 Tutar Kabupaten Polewali Mandar. Iqra: Jurnal Ilmu Kependidikan Dan Keislaman, 19(1), 49–57.
Syahrin, M. A. (2023). URGENSI PENDIDIKAN NILAI DI ERA DIGITALISASI. 5, 232–245.
Syahrin, M. A., Halili, H. R., & Wangyee, A. (2025). Value Education and Emotional Intelligence : Building A Resilient Generation in the Digital Era to Achieve Sdgs. 26(1), 305–320.
Ulya, H., & Marzuki, A. (2024). Studi Etnografi Budaya Sekolah Dalam Membentuk Karakter Religius Di Sekolah Dasar Negeri Bajangan Gondang Wetan Pasuruan. Aljpai, 1(4), 199–211. https://doi.org/10.71242/daw9v562
Wantari, N. N. E., & Rati, N. W. (2022). Perangkat Pembelajaran Value Clarification Technique Berbasis Nilai Karakter Dalam Pembelajaran Pendidikan Kewarganegaraan Di Sekolah Dasar. Indonesian Journal of Instruction, 3(2), 73–80. https://doi.org/10.23887/iji.v3i2.31477
Yusuf, M., Julianingsih, D., & Ramadhani, T. (2023). Transformasi Pendidikan Digital 5.0 Melalui Integrasi Inovasi Ilmu Pengetahuan Dan Teknologi. Jurnal Mentari Manajemen Pendidikan Dan Teknologi Informasi, 2(1), 11–19. https://doi.org/10.33050/mentari.v2i1.328
Zahira, N. Z., Baedowi, S., & Kartinah, K. (2025). Analisis Strategi Penanaman Nilai Karakter Peduli Lingkungan Dan Religius Di Sd Negeri Selokarto 01 Kecamatan Pecalungan Kabupaten Batang. Jsip, 5(1), 21–27. https://doi.org/10.26877/jsip.v5i1.22650
Zainuri, A., & Huda, M. (2022). Understanding Scientific Literacy and Pedagogy Competence: A Critical Insight into Religious Integration Thinking Skills. Journal of Educational and Social Research, 12(1), 273–281. https://doi.org/10.36941/jesr-2022-0022
